The definition of electrostatic powder coating is the process of painting a surface where the paint is in powder form and using an application equipment (gun) that transmits an electrical charge to the powder paint so that it can be bonded to the parts. Once the part is coated with paint, there is a baking process where the electrostatic paint is brought to the melting point. The liquefied paint flows over the surface. This creates a uniform layer on the part and results in a solid surface that is resistant to scratches, cracking, swelling, ultraviolet radiation and oxidation.
Since its launch in the 1960s, powder coating has seen a steady growth in the market and this is because it offers a multitude of applications on metal parts. Unlike traditional liquid paints, it promises a more homogeneous surface, preventing bubbles from forming and running on the surface. Electrostatic paint is a recyclable powder coating that is a good alternative for metal parts, saving up to 97% when applied. It is a homogeneous mixture of solid mineral fillers, pigments and resins in fine particles.
Powder coating can be formulated to meet a wide range of appearances and properties depending on its function. This includes the film thickness, gloss, texture, color and quality of the coating. The properties of the coating depend on its components and mainly on the use of resins and hardeners. Each of these paint types is used for different applications in industry where factors such as corrosion, sun exposure and impact resistance must be taken into account.
Powder coating can be preferred for a variety of uses, both exterior and interior. These include;
Tools such as nozzles, guns and deflectors are used in electrostatic powder coating applications. This coating is applied with an electrostatic gun for powder coating. The particles are electrically charged by mixing with air and adhere to the grounded surface to be painted and remain attached to the part by static charge. They are then heated in an oven and, when cured, result in a uniform, high-quality, attractive and durable coating.
First of all, you need to degrease the surface. In some cases this can even be combined with a chemical protection. The application can be done using different techniques. Once the parts have been properly degreased and treated, the next step will be to place them in the spray booth. The booth is the room where the powder coating is sprayed on. These booths also contain a filtered suction to control excess paint. The important thing is that some basic requirements must be met in order to fix the powder coating to the surface of the parts:
Electrostatic paint spray systems operate using high voltage, ranging from 30 to 250 kilovolts (KV). To avoid electric shock, all equipment around the booth should be connected to a grounding system to prevent static build-up. In addition, full protective clothing should be worn when painting, and if gloves are used, fingertips and palms should be protected against cuts.
Since electrostatic paint is highly flammable, there are also fire risks. For this reason, paint booths must be equipped with an automatic coating system with flame detection. In case of overheating during use, the alarm device activates and shuts down the system.
In the same way, people working with electrostatic painting equipment should have protective clothing and respirators against chemicals on the skin or inhalation of toxic gases, as well as a washing station and emergency system in case of an emergency.
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